Gingivectomy: Procedure, Recovery, and Benefits for Healthy Gums

A gingivectomy is a surgical procedure involving the removal of excess or diseased gum tissue. According to the American Dental Association (ADA), nearly 47.2 percent of Americans over 30 have some form of periodontal disease. A gingivectomy is a common treatment option to address these issues and restore gum health. The removed tissue does not grow back, making the results permanent.

What Is a Gingivectomy?

A gingivectomy involves removing a portion of the gingiva from around the teeth to treat gum disease or correct gum structure. While a general dentist with specific training may perform the gum surgery, it is most frequently conducted by a periodontist. The American Academy of Periodontology (AAP) defines a periodontist as a dentist with specialized training in the treatment of gums and gum conditions. It is important to note that while a gingivectomy (removal of tissue) and a gingivoplasty (reshaping of tissue) are sometimes performed together, they are distinct surgeries with different purposes. Clinical distinction: A gingivectomy is primarily indicated for pocket reduction in periodontal disease, whereas a gingivoplasty is often performed for aesthetic contouring.

How Is the Procedure Performed?

The surgery is performed under local anesthesia, with potential sedation options available. Surgeons typically use a scalpel to remove the tissue, though as noted by the Romanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology (RJME), some practitioners utilize low-frequency lasers. After the tissue is removed, the area is cleaned with saline, sutured, and covered with a surgical dressing for approximately one week.

Post-Surgery Care and Recovery

Expect soreness in the days following surgery. Follow your periodontist’s oral hygiene instructions and take all medications as directed. Red flags: Contact your periodontist immediately if you experience severe, persistent pain, excessive bleeding that does not stop with pressure, or signs of infection such as fever or pus. To support healing, adhere to these guidelines:

• Avoid touching the surgical area.
• Eat soft foods such as eggs, mashed potatoes, or yogurt.
• Avoid spicy, crunchy, sticky, or salty foods.
• Avoid alcohol and tobacco.
• Avoid very hot, very cold, or acidic foods and drinks.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is a gingivectomy painful?

You will be given a local anesthetic, so you will not feel pain during the procedure. Post-operative soreness is normal and can be managed with over-the-counter pain relievers as advised by your periodontist.

Do gums grow back after a gingivectomy?

No, the tissue removed during a gingivectomy does not grow back.

How much does a gingivectomy cost?

Costs typically range from $200 to $400 per tooth, though some periodontists offer discounts for multiple teeth. Insurance usually covers the procedure if it is medically necessary for treating periodontal disease, but not for purely cosmetic purposes.

What is the follow-up process?

Most patients return to a normal oral care routine in less than a month. Your periodontist will likely schedule follow-up visits every three months to ensure the surgical site is healing correctly. Preventive care: Your dentist may also recommend professional cleanings one to two times per year to maintain the health of the remaining gum tissue.